Diffusion of distinct guidelines, addressing all the elements in the use of LAI antipsychotics, will boost clinicians’ perceived competence. It is going to also aid to increase the percentage of patients to whom LAI antipsychotics will probably be offered by psychiatrists as a therapeutic choice. The objective of those suggestions should be to propose a prescription framework to clinicians for the usage of a precise formulation of antipsychotics (LAI) in diverse therapeutic indications and distinct clinical situations. The aim would be to allow clinicians to offer essentially the most acceptable pharmaceutical approaches towards the patients and to facilitate the use of LAI antipsychotics in clinical practice. The recommendations presented here from a consensus-based guidelines methodology (Formal Consensus Recommendations) arebased on scientific data plus the consensus of a panel of experts.MethodsQuestionnaire developmentInitially, we performed an evaluation and also a literature evaluation concerning the indications along with the use of LAI antipsychotics. A literature search utilizing the keywords and phrases “antipsychotic”, “neuroleptic”, “first-generation antipsychotic”, “atypical antipsychotic”, “second-generation antipsychotic”, “long-acting injectable”, “depot”, “depot neuroleptic” was performed in PubMed and EMBASE to find all of the relevant research published. Further references have been identified from http:www.fda.gov and http: www.ema.europa.eu. Data from all of these sources was discussed and an overview in the current proof has been graded and summarized utilizing the French National Authority for Well being (HAS) “levels of evidence” criteria [16]. Following this very first step, the scientific committee (PML, LS, MA, Pc, SG, SL) designed a questionnaire consisting of 32 questions that covered 539 therapeutic choices. The 32 concerns had been regrouped into three areas PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21310042 that were BTZ043 judged as vital: Target-population: Description on the various indications in the LAI antipsychotics and with the most acceptable period with the illness to introduce the treatment. Prescription and use: Choice from the molecule, techniques of introduction, particular strategies depending on the psychiatric disorder or comorbidities, and treatment monitoring. Distinct population: Use of LAI antipsychotics in pregnant women, elderly patients, subjects inside a precarious situation, and subjects getting to be treated inside a prison establishment. This questionnaire was designed to become completed by an experts’ panel. The time essential for its administration was estimated at around 3 hours. In the time of development, all the LAI antipsychotics obtainable in France had been proposed as therapeutic choices (Table 1). They were regrouped into 2 categories: Long-acting injectable first-generation antipsychotics (LAI FGA). Long-acting injectable second-generation antipsychotics (LAI SGA). This artificial separation FGASGA is not consensual on account of their heterogeneous profiles of efficacyLlorca et al. BMC Psychiatry 2013, 13:340 http:www.biomedcentral.com1471-244X13Page three ofTable 1 LAI antipsychotics out there in France (when the survey was completed)LAI second-generation antipsychotics LAI first-generation antipsychotics Risperidone microsphere Olanzapine pamoate Haloperidol decanoate Zuclopenthixol decanoate Flupentixol decanoate Fluphenazine decanoate Pipotiazine palmitateNote: as paliperidone palmitate had a marketing and advertising authorization date just after the development of those guidelines, it couldn’t be taken into account.Expert selectionThe Scientific Committee (Appendix 1) sel.